>>Synthesis of bio-derived 1,4-butanediol by succinic acid esterification and hydrogenation over CuFeAl catalysts
题名：Synthesis of bio-derived 1,4-butanediol by succinic acid esterification and hydrogenation over CuFeAl catalysts
来源：Green Chemistry
发表年代：2022
作者：Kefan Li, Jiaming Yang, Tongyang Song, Zhirong Zhu, Chen Zhao*, Peng Wu, Xiaohong Li*
Abstract：To resolve the issues of a highly polluting and energy-intensive industry based on the Reppe method, herein we developed an economically feasible green route for the synthesis of bio-derived 1,4-butanediol (BDO) from succinic acid (SA), including the first step of esterification of SA with methanol to yield 100% dimethyl succinate (DMS) over phosphotungstic acid, and the second step of one-pot chemoselective hydrogenation of DMS to BDO with a 91.2% yield over Cu₁Fe₁Al₀.₅ in a segmented temperature-controlled manner. The method showed excellent long-term stability without deactivation in activity or BDO selectivity during a 500 h time-on-stream test in a fixed-bed reactor. The as-obtained BDO yield with the Cu₁Fe₁Al₀.₅ catalyst in this case is one of the best results reported so far to the best of our knowledge. It was demonstrated that highly dispersed Cu nanoparticles and relatively higher metallic Cu area, optimal surface Cu⁰/(Cu⁰+Cu⁺) molar ratio, and lower surface acidity of the Cu₁Fe₁Al₀.₅ catalyst were beneficial for the high activities towards the consecutive hydrogenation of DMS to BDO, and moreover, the strong interaction between Cu and Fe or Al species led to the stable performances during the long-term stability test.
