题名：Improved maps of surface water bodies, large dams, reservoirs, and lakes in China

来源：Earth System Science Data

发表年代：2022年

作者：Xinxin Wang, Xiangming Xiao, Yuanwei Qin, Jinwei Dong, Jihua Wu, Bo Li

Abstract：Data and knowledge of surface water bodies (SWB), including large lakes and reservoirs (surface water areas >1 km²), are critical for the management and sustainability of water resources. However, the existing global or national dam datasets have large georeferenced coordinate offsets for many reservoirs, and some datasets have not reported reservoirs and lakes separately. In this study, we generated China’s surface water bodies, Large Dams, Reservoirs, and Lakes (China-LDRL) dataset by analyzing all available Landsat imagery in 2019 (19,338 images) in Google Earth Engine and very-high spatial resolution imagery in Google Earth Pro. There were ~3.52 × 10⁶ yearlong SWB polygons in China for 2019, only 0.01 × 10⁶ of them (0.43%) were of large size (>1 km²). The areas of these large SWB polygons accounted for 83.54% of the total 214.92 × 10³ km² yearlong surface water area (SWA) in China. We identified 2418 large dams, including 624 off-stream dams and 1794 on-stream dams, 2194 large reservoirs (16.35 × 10³ km²), and 3051 large lakes (73.38 × 10³ km²). In general, most of the dams and reservoirs in China were distributed in South China, East China, and Northeast China, whereas most of the lakes were located in West China, the lower Yangtze River basin, and Northeast China. The provision of the reliable, accurate China-LDRL dataset on large reservoirs/dams and lakes will enhance our understanding of water resources management and water security in China.